First, the preliminary theoretical basis is to have a piano with a fixed transfer read more spectrum, which requires you to have a certain ability to read music.

Preliminary stave:

In the treble clef table:
By adding the above line audio line were 1357
246 rooms are all sound, the next octave the opposite.
Between adjacent lines or the relationship between the front and rear sound is 3 degrees, for example, line 3, second is 5
Spaced relationship between line and line or between 5 degrees, such as the first among four, a third is the Treble 1
Bass clef table, the second was one, all the other rules above.

Music Theory Study Guide:

Early learning the piano, you do not need to completely and thoroughly music theory, as long as the focus on master notation, pitch, tone and tuning enough, later, knowledge chord section will become very important.

In addition, the materials, I would recommend "Beye piano primary curriculum", his study was relatively reasonable schedule, the difficulty is not very steep, and there are polyphonic etudes. And generally in the book have basic knowledge base page before some musical illustrations.